（李永琦/文）为深化国际学生对中国历史文化与红色文脉的理解，促进文明交流互鉴。2025年6月28日至7月2日，由国家留学基金委主办、在哈尔滨工业大学国际教育学院的统筹部署下，哈尔滨本部李永琦、李宇与深圳校区周宣彤带领来自塞拉利昂、缅甸、莫桑比克、坦桑尼亚、伊拉克、尼日利亚、埃塞俄比亚、尼泊尔等国家的53名国际学生，前往西安开展为期五天的感知中国文化调研与考察活动。学子们穿越时空隧道，深度触摸中华文明的强劲脉搏，亲身搭建跨越国界的文化理解之桥。
To deepen international students' understanding of China's historical culture and red heritage, and promote cultural exchange and mutual learning, a five-day Experience China cultural research and exploration activity was held in Xi'an from June 28 to July 2, 2025. Hosted by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and organized by the College of International Education (CIE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), the activity was led by LI Yongqi and LI Yu from HIT Harbin campus, and ZHOU Xuantong from HIT Shenzhen campus. A total of 53 international students from countries including Sierra Leone, Myanmar, Mozambique, Tanzania, Iraq, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Nepal participated. The students traveled through time, deeply felt the strong pulse of Chinese civilization, and personally built bridges of cross-border cultural understanding.
穿越千年文明，触摸历史根脉
Traversing Millennia of Civilization, Touching Roots of History
本次活动以西安深厚的历史积淀为课堂，精心设计了一条贯通古今的探索路线。在陕西历史博物馆与西安博物院，一件件承载时光的珍贵文物，无声地讲述着周秦汉唐的恢宏气象，为学生们铺展开一部立体的中华文明史卷。世界奇迹秦始皇帝陵博物院中肃立的兵马俑军阵，以其磅礴气势与精妙工艺，引发了学子们对古代中国智慧与力量的惊叹。“参观兵马俑博物馆无疑是此次行程中最震撼人心的体验之一。这座1974年由当地农民发现的联合国教科文组织世界遗产，凭借其数千尊真人大小的陶俑、马匹和战车组成的军团，以精准的造型、独特的面部表情和盔甲细节令世人惊叹。这些陶俑既体现了秦朝的精神信仰，也展现了其军事组织体系。漫步于三大主发掘坑之间，我深切感受到中国古代艺术的恢宏规模与精妙工艺。”来自埃塞俄比亚的学生高木感慨道。
The activity took Xi'an's profound historical accumulation as a classroom, with a carefully designed exploration route connecting ancient and modern times. At Shanxi History Museum and Xi'an Museum, precious cultural relics carrying the weight of time silently told the magnificent stories of the Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang dynasties, unfolding a three-dimensional history of Chinese civilization for the students. The imposing terracotta army at the world-renowned Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum, with its grandeur and exquisite craftsmanship, amazed the students with the wisdom and power of ancient China. Visiting the Terracotta Warriors Museum was undoubtedly one of the most stunning experiences of this trip. Discovered by local farmers in 1974, this UNESCO World Heritage site, with its army of thousands of life-sized terracotta figures, horses, and chariots, astonishes the world with its precise shapes, unique facial expressions, and armor details. These figurines reflect both the spiritual beliefs of the Qin Dynasty and its military organization system. Walking among the three main excavation pits, I deeply felt the grand scale and exquisite craftsmanship of ancient Chinese art, said GAO Mu, a student from Ethiopia.
大雁塔巍然耸立，见证了盛唐时期丝绸之路上的佛法东传与文明交融，成为中外交流的永恒象征。西安这座“天然历史博物馆”，以实景课堂让国际青年触摸到中华五千年文明的强劲脉搏。
The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda stands tall, witnessing the eastward spread of Buddhism and cultural integration along the Silk Road during the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and has become an eternal symbol of Sino-foreign exchanges. As a natural history museum, Xi'an offers international youth a real-scene classroom to feel the strong pulse of China's 5,000-year-old civilization.
学习红色精神，走近峥嵘岁月
Learning Red Spirit, Approaching Glorious Years
同学们不仅回溯古代辉煌，更走近近现代中国的峥嵘岁月。八路军办事处斑驳的电台、西安事变纪念馆发黄的宣言书，将学子们带回烽火峥嵘岁月。在讲解员动情叙述中，国际学生们了解到这座古城如何成为民族救亡图存的重要枢纽。“照片里周恩来布满补丁的棉衣，比任何教科书都更能诠释‘艰苦奋斗’的真谛。”同学们不住地感慨。当得知张学良公馆的木地板仍保留着历史原貌，学生们说自己仿佛听见了改变中国命运的脚步声。
The students not only traced the glory of ancient times but also approached the eventful years of modern and contemporary China. The worn radio at the Eighth Route Army Office and the yellowed manifestos at the Xi'an Incident Memorial Hall took the students back to the turbulent years of war. Through the narrator's emotional stories, the international students learned how this ancient city became a key hub for national salvation. The patched cotton-padded clothes of ZHOU Enlai in the photo explain the true meaning of 'hard work' better than any textbook, the students sighed. Upon learning that the wooden floors of ZHANG Xueliang's mansion still retain their original historical appearance, the students said they seemed to hear the footsteps that changed China's destiny.
学生们表示：“在八路军办事处，我读懂了课本之外的现代中国故事。西安之行，如同一座桥梁，让我跨越时空，既看到辉煌的过去，也感受到今天中国发展的深厚根基。”红色旧址的沉浸式体验，让和平年代的世界青年们深刻理解中华民族浴火重生的精神密码。
The students stated, At the Eighth Route Army Office, I understood the stories of modern China beyond textbooks. This trip to Xi'an is like a bridge, allowing me to cross time and space, seeing both the glorious past and the solid foundation of China's development today. The immersive experience at the red historical sites enabled young people from around the world in peacetime to deeply understand the spiritual code of the Chinese nation's rebirth from trials.
对话非遗薪火，品味烟火中国
Dialoguing with Intangible Cultural Heritage, Savoring the Vibrancy of China
本次活动的非遗传承体验聚焦于古代建筑与雕塑的核心技艺，为学子们提供了亲手触摸千年智慧的独特机会。
The intangible cultural heritage (ICH) inheritance experience of this activity focused on the core techniques of ancient architecture and sculpture, offering students a unique opportunity to personally touch the wisdom of millennia.
解码榫卯的东方智慧：在大明宫国家遗址公园，学生们深入学习了中国古代建筑的精髓——榫卯结构。通过拆解斗拱模型、亲手拼装，国际学子们惊叹于无需一钉一铆便能构建宏伟殿堂的巧思。“这些木构件的咬合如此精密，蕴含着令人难以置信的数学与力学之美，”来自塞拉利昂的硕士生杜书来兴奋地分享，“亲手组装的过程，让我理解了‘天衣无缝’的东方建筑学。”
Decoding the Oriental Wisdom of Mortise and Tenon: At Daming Palace National Heritage Park, students delved into the essence of ancient Chinese architecture—the mortise and tenon structure. By disassembling and assembling bracket models with their own hands, the international students marveled at the ingenuity of building grand halls without a single nail or rivet. The precision of these wooden components' joints contains incredible mathematical and mechanical beauty, excitedly shared DU Shulai, a master's student from Sierra Leone. The process of assembling them by hand made me understand the 'seamless' Oriental architecture.
复刻千年的陶土传奇：在秦始皇帝陵博物院，学生们化身“秦代工匠”，沉浸式体验了兵马俑陶俑制作技艺。揉捏陶土、塑形雕刻，在专业老师的指导下，他们尝试复刻缩小版的秦俑头像或士兵造型。“当我亲手揉捏陶土，试图塑造那张千年前的面容时，才真正感受到匠人精神的伟大，”一位非洲学生捧着自己未完成的陶俑雏形感慨，“这不仅是艺术，更是毅力与时间的结晶。从碎片到完整，修复与重塑的过程本身就充满敬意。”
Replicating the Millennial Clay Legend: At Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum, students became Qin Dynasty craftsmen and experienced the craftsmanship of making terracotta warriors through immersive activities. Kneading clay, shaping, and carving, under the guidance of professional teachers, they tried to replicate scaled-down heads or soldier figures of the terracotta warriors. When I kneaded the clay with my own hands, trying to shape that face from a thousand years ago, I truly felt the greatness of the craftsman's spirit, an African student sighed, holding his unfinished terracotta figure prototype. This is not just art, but a crystallization of perseverance and time. The process of restoration and reshaping from fragments to completeness is itself full of respect.
回民街：感受活态非遗的烟火气行程尾声，回民街升腾的烟火气展现了非遗在当代的生命力。学子们流连于琳琅满目的特色小吃与精巧的手工艺品之间，直观感受着美食制作、剪纸、皮影等非遗技艺在日常生活中的传承与应用，体味中华文明生生不息的脉动。
Hui Min Street: Feeling the Vibrancy of Living ICH At the end of the trip, the rising vibrancy of Hui Min Street showed the vitality of ICH in contemporary times. The students wandered among a wide range of characteristic snacks and exquisite handicrafts, intuitively experiencing the inheritance and application of ICH skills such as food making, paper-cutting, and shadow puppetry in daily life, and appreciating the endless vitality of Chinese civilization.
本次深度文化调研与考察通过“历史现场教学+红色精神淬炼+非遗活态传承”三维路径，为国际学生构建起立体中国认知。哈工大国际教育学院将持续打造“感知中国”实践品牌，培养兼具专业素养与文化理解力的国际使者，以文明互鉴之力共筑人类命运共同体。
This in-depth cultural research and exploration has built a three-dimensional understanding of China for international students through a three-dimensional approach: historical on-site teaching + forging of red spirit + living inheritance of ICH. The College of International Education, HIT will continue to build the Experience China practice brand, cultivate international envoys with both professional literacy and cultural understanding, and contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind through cultural mutual learning.
责任编辑：王晏梓
审核：赵文 赵异肖
